James VanDerZee
Photography has the remarkable power to capture moments in time, serving as windows into cultures and communities. Among the pioneers who harnessed this power is James VanDerZee, a groundbreaking documentary photographer known for immortalizing the Harlem Renaissance. His work stands as a testament to the elegance, pride, and resilience of the African American community during a pivotal era in American history.
Early Life and Career
James Augustus VanDerZee was born on June 29, 1886, in Lenox, Massachusetts. His love for photography blossomed early, and he received his first camera at age 14. His family moved to Harlem in 1906, where he initially worked as a pianist and later as a waiter. His passion for photography never waned, and by 1916, he had opened his own studio in Harlem.
Photographic Style and Techniques
VanDerZee's photographic style is characterized by its refined composition and meticulous attention to detail. He often used retouching and overlays, enhancing the elegance of his subjects. His techniques highlighted the dignity and beauty of the African American community, countering stereotypes and offering a contrasting narrative to mainstream media.
Career Highlights
VanDerZee's career flourished during the 1920s and 1930s, capturing iconic portraits of Harlem residents, celebrities, and key figures of the Harlem Renaissance. His subjects included luminaries like Marcus Garvey and Bill "Bojangles" Robinson. His works featured a blend of artistry and social commentary, earning him a reputation as one of the most significant African American photographers of his time.
Photography Gear
Hasselblad 500C - VanDerZee was known to have used medium format cameras like the Hasselblad 500C, which provided exceptional image quality. This camera is perfect for portrait photography due to its large negative size, offering rich details and a characteristic square format.
Graflex Speed Graphic - The Graflex Speed Graphic was another camera VanDerZee utilized, particularly effective for its adaptability and large format. This camera was ideal for capturing the detail and clarity characteristic of VanDerZee's work, especially when documenting special events or producing large prints.
Rolleiflex 2.8 - The Rolleiflex 2.8, a twin-lens reflex camera, offered VanDerZee versatility and the ability to shoot from chest height, creating a unique perspective. This camera was beneficial for capturing candid moments and intricate studio portraits, typical of his style.
Photography Books
"VanDerZee: Photographer, 1886-1983" -"VanDerZee: Photographer, 1886-1983" provides a comprehensive look at the work of James VanDerZee, one of the foremost American photographers of the 20th century. This book features a stunning collection of over 200 photographs from his career, capturing the essence of Harlem between the wars. The unique aspect of this book lies in its vivid portrayal of the Harlem Renaissance through VanDerZee's lens, making it an invaluable resource for photographers interested in documentary photography, cultural history, and portraiture. The book offers insights into VanDerZee's techniques and his ability to depict the elegance and dignity of his subjects, providing inspiration for photographers seeking to understand how to capture the spirit of a community.
"The James VanDerZee Studio" - "The James VanDerZee Studio" offers an intimate look at the photographer's studio work from 1916 to 1969, highlighting his portrait photography in Harlem. This book stands out for its in-depth exploration of VanDerZee's studio environment and his creative process. It includes insightful essays by Colin Westerbeck and Dawoud Bey, making it a valuable resource for photographers interested in studio portraiture and historical photography. The book showcases VanDerZee's imaginative approach to photography, including his use of elaborate backdrops and his ability to create complex group portraits, offering inspiration and techniques for photographers interested in capturing the essence of their subjects in a studio setting.
"The Harlem Book of the Dead" - "The Harlem Book of the Dead" is a haunting and beautiful exploration of funeral rites and photography in Harlem during the early 20th century. This book stands out for its unique combination of photographs, poems, and text, revealing a time when society cared deeply for both the living and the dead. The book highlights the pageantry of funerals and the high spiritual and temporal values of the community. For photographers, this book offers insights into the role of photography in mourning rituals and the importance of preserving cultural heritage, making it an inspirational resource for those interested in exploring the intersection of photography and social history.
Quotes
“I wanted to see what I could do, just for the sheer fun of it.”
“The biggest thing I wanted was to portray the strength and pride of my people.”
“Harlem was a great place for taking pictures. Everybody had a camera or wanted to have their picture taken.”
“I've always wanted to show the elegance and pride of the Black community.”
“A picture should be looked at—if it's really a picture—every time you see it, you should see more in it.”
Legacy and Influence
VanDerZee's legacy extends beyond his era, as his work continues to inspire photographers and historians. His unique portrayal of Harlem's golden era resonates with modern photographers like Gordon Parks and Roy DeCarava, who similarly focused on capturing the essence of African American life . VanDerZee's contribution to photography highlights the importance of visual storytelling in cultural preservation and identity.
In essence, James VanDerZee remains a cornerstone of African American photography, celebrated for his artistic vision and commitment to documenting his community's vibrant culture. His work serves as an enduring inspiration, demonstrating the profound impact a photographer can have on capturing and shaping the narrative of their time.