DPI means dots per inch. It measures how many dots of ink a printer places in one inch of paper. A higher DPI can give finer detail in a print.
DPI is often confused with PPI (pixels per inch). PPI describes the image itself: how many pixels are spread across each inch when the image is printed or shown. A common target for quality prints is about 300 PPI. One pixel is usually printed with many ink dots, so the two numbers are not the same.
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