Color negative film
Film on which each of the original colors is recorded using the color that is its complement. When the picture is printed on photographic paper, the colors are changed back to their natural state, which is the way they appeared in the original. Color negatives have an orange tint or mask, which helps to manage contrast and increases the quality of reproduction. This is accomplished through the use of color negatives.
Color profile
A description of how a device such as a camera, printer, monitor, or other device displays or captures color. It offers a standardized method by which various kinds of hardware can provide results that are visually comparable to one another. This is also commonly referred to as an ICC profile, which comes from the fact that the ICC is the organization that establishes the criteria (International Color Consortium).
Color management
A comprehensive method that, regardless of the device that is being utilized, attempts to guarantee that the colors of an image will be shown and output in precisely the same manner.
Collodion process
Collodion, also known as cellulose nitrate, was used to adhere light-sensitive chemicals to the surface of a glass plate in an early method of producing photographic prints. This method was developed in 1851 by Frederick Scott Archer (1813-1857), who also invented the technology. While the plate was still wet, exposure, development, and fixing were performed on it. The method yielded favorable outcomes and enjoyed widespread adoption up to about the year 1880.
CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor)
Digital cameras typically make use of this particular variety of imaging sensor. The image that has been focused is turned into an electrical signal by this component, which is located at the focal plane. It performs a function that is analogous to that of the CCD sensor.
Clipping
When an image is clipped, the dark regions of the image become completely black, and the light parts become completely white. This causes the loss of image detail in the places where the clipping occurs. A clipped shadow or highlight on a histogram is denoted by the graph being "cut off" on the left-hand (shadows) or right-hand (highlights) side, respectively.
Chromogenic film
A type of photographic film with a fine grain that captures images in black and white but is developed using the color chemistry known as C41.
Chromatic aberration
A flaw in a lens that is typically found in telephoto lenses that occurs when different hues of white light are focussed at slightly different distances. This results in unsightly colored halos being created around the margins of a photographic subject. The effect can be eliminated or significantly mitigated by software.
Chiaroscuro
A term that was first used in reference to the art of the Renaissance. It is a type of photograph that emphasizes a striking contrast between the light and dark sections of the picture.
Centre-weighted
A sort of light metering technology that is incorporated into certain cameras and is also available on certain cameras as an optional extra. The average is skewed in favor of the light that is measured closer to the center of the frame when using centre-weighted meters, which measure the intensity of the light across the whole image area. The system is not infallible; it is simpler to foresee when it may produce an inaccurate reading in comparison to more complex metering systems.
Cartridge film
A variety of photographic film that is stored in a cassette made of plastic. Film can be loaded into a camera even while it's bright outside because it doesn't let any light in. In 1963, Kodak was the first company to market 126 cartridge film, then in 1972, they released 110 film. Both Disc film and APS film, which were both later formats, utilized cartridges that were uniquely built for them.
Camera shake
Picture motion blur occurs when there is movement of the camera during the exposure. Because handheld cameras are prone to camera wobble, the fastest shutter speed that is available needs to be employed in order to minimize or eliminate the effect of the problem.
Cable release
A device, either mechanical or electronic, used to fire a camera from a short distance away, without the photographer having to manually press the shutter release button. When shooting with a slow shutter speed and a camera support like a tripod, it is a technique that is frequently utilized in order to reduce the amount of shaking that occurs during the process.
Butterfly lighting
A method of lighting portraiture that involves aiming the flash downward towards the front of the face in order to produce a characteristic butterfly-shaped shadow under the nose. The harshness of the shadow can be mitigated by using a reflector. This method is also known as "Paramount lighting," after the glitzy portraits that were produced by the Paramount studio in the 1930s.
Burst rate
The rate, measured in frames per second, at which a digital camera is capable of taking a series of pictures in quick succession. This speed is referred to as the camera's continuous shooting speed (fps). The rate can only be maintained for a limited amount of times before it begins to slow down.
Buffer
Memory that is utilized temporarily by a digital single-lens reflex camera or a mirrorless camera. The maximum number of shots that can be taken in one burst is partially determined by the size of the buffer that is contained within a camera. In general, the length of the burst is proportional to the size of the buffer.
Brownie
The name given to a line of inexpensive point-and-shoot cameras produced by the Eastman Kodak corporation. In the year 1900, the first Brownie camera was released to the public with the goal of making photography less complicated and more accessible to more people. The names of the cameras are based on the cartoon characters that were conceived of and drawn by Palmer Cox.