The group of like-minded photographers located in San Francisco who came together in 1932 to form a collective with the goal of producing photographs of landscapes and other natural forms that are distinct and clearly focused. Members such as Ansel Adams, Edward Weston, and Imogen Cunningham were a part of this club. The predilection of the members of the group to use an extremely tiny aperture in order to achieve greater depth of field is alluded to by the name of the group.

A sheet of glass that has been ground to a matte finish and is utilized in the process of seeing images captured by large-format cameras. On the screen, the image that is captured by the lens is displayed in an inverted format. Blocking off all of the other light with a dark cloth makes it much simpler to inspect the image and bring it into focus.

A slang term that refers to the process of putting a camera into the highest continuous drive mode it offers and maintaining pressure on the shutter button while taking as many pictures as possible in a short amount of time. The similar idea is behind the phrase "spray and pray.”

A computer image from which all of the information pertaining to color has been erased, leaving behind only black, white, and various shades of grey.

When trying to determine consistent photographic exposure, a neutral gray card that typically has a reflectance of 18% is typically utilized as a point of reference. The reflected light meter is then used to take a reading from the object after it has been positioned appropriately in the scene to be photographed. By doing so, issues relating to overexposure and underexposure can be avoided.

Random in both their shape and their distribution, metallic silver particles are most readily apparent in photographs produced using black-and-white photographic film. Color films have a more subtle manifestation of this phenomenon. Grain is more obvious in films with higher ISOs, although it is still discernible in films with lower ISOs when the image is blown up to a large size.

A category of optical filter that can be divided into a transparent and an opaque portion. The dark section of these filters, which are more popularly known as ND grads, is placed over the brilliant sky, while the clear section is placed over the dark foreground, in order to provide a balanced level of brightness in high-contrast subjects, which are typically landscapes.

A number that is shown on a flash unit that indicates its ability to illuminate a subject at a specific distance while using a particular ISO level. In most cases, the guide number is calculated by multiplying the distance between the flash and the subject by the f-stop setting that is required to get an accurate exposure of the subject at that distance. This calculation is performed based on an ISO setting of 100. When compared to a flash that has a higher guide number, one that has a lower guide number generates a significantly less powerful flash.

A brief period of time just before sunset on a clear day during which the landscape is illuminated by a warm light that has been described as "golden," and which is a favored time for landscape photographers.

An electrical and instantaneous capture of a full image is possible with a global shutter, which is technically a sort of sensor design and not a mechanical shutter mechanism. This is becoming an increasingly significant consideration in video production in order to prevent the distortion known as "rolling shutter" or "jello" when the camera is moved quickly.

A light-sensitive coating that is applied to one side of a roll of photographic film. This coating is very thin and contains microscopic silver halide particles.

The spectrum of colors that can be produced by a particular electronic instrument, either for printing or display.

A term that is used to describe a digital single-lens reflex camera sensor that has a light-sensitive area that is the same size as a frame of 35mm film, which is approximately 24 by 36 millimeters.

Lighting that is pointed in the direction of the subject and is, as a result, positioned behind or on the same level as the camera.

Both continuous shooting modes in stills cameras and video capture make use of a camera's frame rate, which is expressed in terms of the number of frames it can record in one second (also known as frames per second).

A method for drawing attention to a certain aspect of a picture and providing the impression of more depth by employing another component of the image to create a frame around the topic being highlighted. Some examples of this technique include taking a picture of a church tower via an archway, photographing a person looking through a window frame, or taking a picture of someone standing under the bough of a tree.

The number of shots taken by a camera in a continuous succession per second.

When talking about film photography, the term "format" refers to the size of the photographic film as well as the camera systems that go along with it. Large Format refers to any film size that is 4x5 inches or more, Medium Format refers to any film size that is larger than 35mm but smaller than 4x5, and Miniature Format refers to any film size that is 35mm or smaller.

A standard format for image sensors that was first presented by Olympus and Kodak in the year 2002. It differs from other DSLR and mirrorless systems in that it uses a smaller sensor that has an aspect ratio of 4:3, while those other systems use a larger sensor that has an aspect ratio of 3:2.

The layer of a digital single-lens reflex camera (DSLR) onto which the viewfinder image is projected. As a result of its rough surface, which is intended to highlight the degree to which the image is crisp or not, it is easier to focus on specific aspects of the image.