Portrait photography shows a person so that the viewer learns something about them. This guide covers its main approaches, its history from Hill and Adamson and Nadar to Karsh, Avedon and Leibovitz, and the basic techniques.
Portrait photographs
Lisette Model (1901 to 1983) was an Austrian-born photographer in New York, known for bold, close portraits like Coney Island Bather and her pictures of the Promenade des Anglais in Nice. She was also a great teacher; Diane Arbus was her most famous student.
Berenice Abbott was an American photographer who learned her craft in 1920s Paris as Man Ray’s assistant. Her 1930s series Changing New York recorded a city caught between old and new, and she saved the life’s work of Eugène Atget.
Eve Arnold (1912–2012) was an American photojournalist and one of the first women in Magnum Photos. She is known for her pictures of Marilyn Monroe, Malcolm X and the Harlem fashion shows, and for her long work about women's lives.
René Burri (1933–2014) was a Swiss Magnum photographer who made the famous 1963 portrait of Che Guevara with a cigar. He photographed history, artists and modern architecture around the world for almost sixty years.
David “Chim” Seymour (1911–1956) was a Polish-born photojournalist and a founder of Magnum Photos. He is best known for his pictures of the Spanish Civil War and of Europe’s war children, made for UNICEF in 1948.
Inge Morath (1923–2002) was an Austrian-American photographer and one of the first women members of Magnum Photos. She is known for A Llama in Times Square, her portraits of artists and passers-by, and her books on Spain, Iran, Russia and China.
Chris Killip (1946 to 2020) was a British documentary photographer from the Isle of Man. His book In Flagrante (1988) shows working-class life in the North East of England as its industries closed.
Bill Brandt (1904–1983) was a German-born British photographer. He pictured English life in the 1930s, London at night and in the Blitz, and later made famous wide-angle nudes.
Lewis Hine was an American photographer and teacher. His pictures of child workers for the National Child Labor Committee helped change American law, and his later portraits of workers, including the builders of the Empire State Building, showed the pride of people at work.
Dan Nelken is a photographer, documentary storyteller and educator based in New York City. His book HeadStrong: The Women of Rural Uganda (Kehrer Verlag, 2026) brings together portraits and stories of working women in rural Uganda.
Sara Bennett is a New York-based photographer, former public defender and 2024 Guggenheim Fellow. Her first monograph, Looking Inside: Women with Life Sentences (Kehrer Verlag, 2026), follows women serving life sentences in New York State.
Edward Steichen was a Luxembourg-born American photographer and curator. He moved from soft art prints to modern fashion and star portraits for Vogue and Vanity Fair, and later made The Family of Man at MoMA.
Paul Strand (1890–1976) was an American photographer and filmmaker. His sharp New York pictures of 1916 helped make photography a modern art, and his later books gave quiet portraits of small communities in New England, Italy, the Hebrides and beyond.
Alfred Stieglitz (1864–1946) was an American photographer and gallery owner who fought to make photography an art. His New York pictures, The Steerage, his portraits of Georgia O’Keeffe and his cloud Equivalents are classics of modern photography.
August Sander (born 1876, died 1964) was a German portrait photographer. His lifelong project People of the 20th Century shows German society through hundreds of calm, direct portraits of farmers, workers, artists and outsiders.
Brassaï (Gyula Halász, 1899 to 1984) was a Hungarian-born French photographer. His pictures of Paris at night in the 1930s, from foggy streets to bars and dance halls, made Henry Miller call him the eye of Paris.
Nan Goldin (born 1953) is an American photographer who has spent fifty years photographing her friends, lovers and chosen family. Her slideshow and book The Ballad of Sexual Dependency is one of the most influential photographic diaries ever made.
Larry Fink (born 1941, died 2023) was an American photographer of people at parties, balls, boxing gyms and fashion shows. His series Social Graces set New York society next to a working family in rural Pennsylvania.
Robin de Puy is a Dutch photographer known for her portraits and long relationships with the people she photographs, including Randy, whom she has photographed since 2015.
Wesley Verhoeve is a photographer, curator and writer based in Amsterdam. His book Notice Journal, Volume Two (2026) follows family life in Ukraine during the war.
Eva Verbeeck is a Belgian photographer and filmmaker based in Amsterdam. Her book America’s Girls, On the Edge of a Dream (GOST Books, 2026) portrays more than 400 girls across 28 US states.
Alberto Tandoi is an Italian photographer based in London. His self-published book 400km gathers portraits of strangers he met while walking 400 kilometres through the city.
Benita Suchodrev is a Georgian-born photographer based in Berlin. Her book Find Me Paradise (Kehrer Verlag, 2026) brings together almost 300 photographs from more than two decades.
David Katzenstein is a New York-based photographer whose work has taken him across the world for more than five decades. His book Between One and Another (Hirmer, 2026) brings together 144 photographs from 25 countries.
Sam Haskins (1926–2009) was a South African-born British photographer. His 1960s books Five Girls and Cowboy Kate & Other Stories changed how photographers saw the nude and still influence fashion photography today.
Alec Soth (born 1969) is an American photographer from Minneapolis. On long road trips he photographs the people he meets, with a big view camera that makes everyone slow down.
Arnold Newman (1918–2006) was an American portrait photographer. He is known as the pioneer of the environmental portrait: he showed people in places that tell something about their life and work.
Christopher Anderson (born 1970) is a photographer and filmmaker, born in Kelowna, Canada, and raised in West Texas. He first became known for his work in conflict zones and for his pictures of Haitian migrants on a boat that sank at sea.
Philippe Halsman (1906–1979) was a portrait photographer born in Riga. He worked in Paris in the 1930s and in New York from 1940, where his pictures appeared on 101 covers of Life magazine.
Steve McCurry (born 1950) is an American photographer known for his color portraits and his long work in Asia. His portrait Afghan Girl was on the cover of National Geographic in June 1985.